[Ext]2.0探索Grid使用介绍

Ext2.0框架的Grid使用介绍    
最近空闲时间在学习Ext2.0框架，只有一个字的感叹“强”，我从未想到JS代码能够写出这么绚丽的Web页面出来，以前看到YUI，惊若天人，如今看到EXT2.0的东西，更是感觉震撼。
Ext2.0是一个JS框架，它的Grid控件和其它可以显示数据的控件，能够支持多种数据类型，如二维数组、Json数据和XML数据，甚至包括我们自定义的数据类型。Ext为我们提供了一个桥梁Ext.data.Store，通过它我们可以把任何格式的数据转化成grid可以使用的形式，这样就不需要为每种数据格式写一个grid的实现了。

首先，一个表格应该有列定义，即定义表头ColumnModel：
// 定义一个ColumnModel，表头中有四列
var cm = new Ext.grid.ColumnModel([
    {header:'编号',dataIndex:'id'},
    {header:'性别',dataIndex:'sex'},
    {header:'名称',dataIndex:'name'},
    {header:'描述',dataIndex:'descn'}
]);
cm.defaultSortable = true;
    该ColumnModel定义了表格的四个列，其每列的名称和对应的数据键。请注意defaultSortable属性，即为每个列都安上一个可以排序的功能。如果只想某些列举有该功能，可以设置：
{header:'编号',dataIndex:'id',Sortable:true},

现在就来看看这个Ext.data.Store是如何转换三种数据的。

1.二维数组：
// ArrayData
var data = [
    ['1','male','name1','descn1'],
    ['2','male','name1','descn2'],
    ['3','male','name3','descn3'],
    ['4','male','name4','descn4'],
    ['5','male','name5','descn5']
];
// ArrayReader
var ds = new Ext.data.Store({
    proxy: new Ext.data.MemoryProxy(data),
    reader: new Ext.data.ArrayReader({}, [
        {name: 'id',mapping: 0},
        {name: 'sex',mapping: 1},
        {name: 'name',mapping: 2},
        {name: 'descn',mapping: 3}
    ])
});
ds.load();
ds要对应两个部分：proxy和reader。proxy告诉我们从哪里获得数据，reader告诉我们如何解析这个数据。
现在用的是Ext.data.MemoryProxy，它将内存中的数据data作为参数传递。Ext.data.ArrayReader专门用来解析数组，并且告诉我们它会按照定义的规范进行解析，每行按顺序读取四个数据，第一个叫id，第二个叫sex，第三个叫name，第四个descn。这些是跟cm定义中的dataIndex对应的。这样cm就知道哪列应该显示那条数据了。
mapping属性用于标记data中的读取后的数据与标头的映射关系，一般是不用设置的。但如果我们想让sex的数据中name栏中出现，可以设置mapping值。即id的mapping为2,后者为0。
记得要执行一次ds.load()，对数据进行初始化。

数据的显示显得非常简单：
HTML文件：
<div id='grid'></div>
JS文件：
var grid = new Ext.grid.GridPanel({
    el: 'grid',
    ds: ds,
    cm: cm
});
grid.render();

其显示结果为：

2.如何在表格中添加CheckBox呢？

var sm = new Ext.grid.CheckboxSelectionModel();
var cm = new Ext.grid.ColumnModel([
    new Ext.grid.RowNumberer(),//自动行号
    sm,//添加的地方
    {header:'编号',dataIndex:'id'},
    {header:'性别',dataIndex:'sex'},
    {header:'名称',dataIndex:'name'},
    {header:'描述',dataIndex:'descn'}
]);

var grid = new Ext.grid.GridPanel({
    el: 'grid3',
    ds: ds,
    cm: cm,
    sm: sm,//添加的地方
    title: 'HelloWorld'
});

3. 如何做Grid上触发事件呢？
下面是一个cellclick事件
grid.addListener('cellclick', cellclick);
function cellclick(grid, rowIndex, columnIndex, e) {
    var record = grid.getStore().getAt(rowIndex);   //Get the Record
    var fieldName = grid.getColumnModel().getDataIndex(columnIndex); //Get field name
    var data = record.get(fieldName);
    Ext.MessageBox.alert('show','当前选中的数据是'+data);
}

4.如何做Grid中做出快捷菜单效果：
grid.addListener('rowcontextmenu', rightClickFn);//右键菜单代码关键部分
var rightClick = new Ext.menu.Menu({
    id:'rightClickCont', //在HTML文件中必须有个rightClickCont的DIV元素
    items: [
        {
            id: 'rMenu1',
            handler: rMenu1Fn,//点击后触发的事件
            text: '右键菜单1'
        },
        {
            //id: 'rMenu2',
            //handler: rMenu2Fn,
            text: '右键菜单2'
        }
    ]
});
function rightClickFn(grid,rowindex,e){
    e.preventDefault();
    rightClick.showAt(e.getXY());
}
function rMenu1Fn(){
   Ext.MessageBox.alert('right','rightClick');
}
其Grid如下：

5.如何将一列中的数据根据要求进行改变呢？
比如说性别字段根据其male或female改变显示的颜色，这种ColumnMode中设计：
var cm = new Ext.grid.ColumnModel([
    new Ext.grid.RowNumberer(),
    sm,
    {header:'编号',dataIndex:'id'},
    {header:'性别',dataIndex:'sex',renderer:changeSex},
    {header:'名称',dataIndex:'name'},
    {header:'描述',dataIndex:'descn'}
]);
cm.defaultSortable = true;

function changeSex(value){
    if (value == 'male') {
        return "<span style='color:red;font-weight:bold;'>红男</span>";
    } else {
        return "<span style='color:green;font-weight:bold;'>绿女</span>";
    }
}

其它两种数据的Grid显示是相同的，其不同之处在于数据获取的过程：

6.Json数据
至于这种数据的类型请大家自己看Ajax的书籍：
//JsonData
var data = {
    'coders': [
        { 'id': '1', 'sex': 'male', 'name':'McLaughlin', 'descn': '[e-mail]' },
        { 'id': '2', 'sex': 'male','name':'Hunter', 'descn': '[e-mail]' },
        { 'id': '3', 'sex': 'female','name':'Harold', 'descn': '[e-mail]' },
        { 'id': '4', 'sex': 'male','name':'Harolds', 'descn': '[e-mail]' }
    ],
    'musicians': [
        { 'id': '1', 'name': 'Clapton', 'descn': 'guitar' },
        { 'id': '2', 'name': 'Rachmaninoff', 'descn': 'piano' }
    ]
}
//ds使用的MemoryProxy对象和JsonReader对象
var ds = new Ext.data.Store({
        proxy: new Ext.data.MemoryProxy(data),
        reader: new Ext.data.JsonReader({root: 'coders'}, [
            {name: 'id'},
            {name: 'sex'},
            {name: 'name'},
            {name: 'descn'}
        ])
    });
ds.load();

var grid = new Ext.grid.GridPanel({
    el: 'grid3',
    ds: ds,
    cm: cm,
    sm: sm,
    title: 'HelloWorld',
    autoHeight: true//一定要写，否则显示的数据会少一行
});
grid.render();

7.使用XML数据：
注意，读取XML数据必须在服务器上进行。
XML数据test.xml的内容：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<dataset>
     <results>2</results>
     <item>
           <id>1</id>
           <sex>male</sex>
           <name>Taylor</name>
           <descn>Coder</descn>
     </item>
</dataset>var ds3 = new Ext.data.Store({
    url: 'test.xml',   //XML数据
    reader: new Ext.data.XmlReader({record: 'item'}, [ //使用XmlReader对象
        {name: 'id'},
        {name: 'sex'},
        {name: 'name'},
        {name: 'descn'}
    ])
});

8.从服务器获取数据和数据翻页控件
从一个服务器文件，如ASP、JSP或Servlet中获得数据二维Array、JSON或XML数据，也可以被Ext读取，并被Grid显示：
服务器文件data.asp:
<%
    start = cint(request("start"))
    limit = cint(request("limit"))

    dim json
    json=cstr("{totalProperty:100,root:[")
   
    for i = start to limit + start-1
        json =json + cstr("{'id':'") +cstr(i) + cstr("','name':'name") + cstr(i) + cstr("','descn':'descn") + cstr(i) + cstr("'}")
        if i <> limit + start - 1 then
            json =json + ","
        end if
    next
    json = json +"]}"
    response.write(json)
%>

我们可以看到，这个页面会根据传入的start和limit的不同，返回不同的数据，其实质是个分页的代码。下面是start=0,limit=10的JSON数据：
{totalProperty:100,root:[{'id':'0','name':'name0','descn':'descn0'},{'id':'1','name':'name1','descn':'descn1'},{'id':'2','name':'name2','descn':'descn2'},{'id':'3','name':'name3','descn':'descn3'},{'id':'4','name':'name4','descn':'descn4'},{'id':'5','name':'name5','descn':'descn5'},{'id':'6','name':'name6','descn':'descn6'},{'id':'7','name':'name7','descn':'descn7'},{'id':'8','name':'name8','descn':'descn8'},{'id':'9','name':'name9','descn':'descn9'}]}

我们使用分页控件来控制Grid的数据：
Ext.onReady(function(){
    var sm = new Ext.grid.CheckboxSelectionModel();
   
    var cm = new Ext.grid.ColumnModel([
        new Ext.grid.RowNumberer(),
        sm,
        {header:'编号',dataIndex:'id'},
        {header:'性别',dataIndex:'sex'},
        {header:'名称',dataIndex:'name'},
        {header:'描述',dataIndex:'descn'}
    ]);
    cm.defaultSortable = true;

    var ds = new Ext.data.Store({
        proxy: new Ext.data.HttpProxy({url:'data.asp'}),
        reader: new Ext.data.JsonReader({
            totalProperty: 'totalProperty',
            root: 'root'
        }, [
            {name: 'id'},
            {name: 'name'},
            {name: 'descn'}
        ])
    });
    ds.load({params:{start:0,limit:10}});
   
    var grid = new Ext.grid.GridPanel({
        el: 'grid3',
        ds: ds,
        cm: cm,
        sm: sm,
        title: 'ASP->JSON',
        bbar: new Ext.PagingToolbar({
            pageSize: 10,
            store: ds,
            displayInfo: true,
            displayMsg: '显示第 {0} 条到 {1} 条记录，一共 {2} 条',
            emptyMsg: "没有记录"
        }),
        tbar: new Ext.PagingToolbar({
            pageSize: 10,
            store: ds,
            displayInfo: true,
            displayMsg: '显示第 {0} 条到 {1} 条记录，一共 {2} 条',
            emptyMsg: "没有记录"
        })
    });
    grid.render();
})

10.如何在Grid的上方添加按钮呢？
添加按钮的关键之处在于tbar或bbar属性设置Toolbar工具条：
var grid = new Ext.grid.GridPanel({
    el: 'grid3',
    ds: ds,
    cm: cm,
    sm: sm,
    title: 'HelloWorld',
    tbar: new Ext.Toolbar({
        items:[
                {
                    id:'buttonA'
                    ,text:"Button A"
                    ,handler: function(){ alert("You clicked Button A"); }
                }
                ,
                new Ext.Toolbar.SplitButton({})
                ,{
                    id:'buttonB'
                    ,text:"Button B"
                    ,handler: function(){ alert("You clicked Button B"); }
                }
                ,
                '-'
                ,{
                    id:'buttonc'
                    ,text:"Button c"
                }
            ]
        })
});

11.将GridPanel放入一个Panel或TabPanel中
var tabs = new Ext.TabPanel({
    collapsible: true
    ,renderTo: 'product-exceptions'
    ,width: 450
    ,height:400
    ,activeTab: 0
    ,items:[
        {
            title: 'Unmatched'
        },{
            title: 'Matched'
        }
    ]
});
tabs.doLayout();

var panel = new Ext.Panel({
    renderTo: 'panel',
    title:'panel',
    collapsible:true,
    width:450,
    height:400,
    items:[grid] //管理grid
});

Panel必须有DIV存在。其包含的Component有items管理。

评论

3 楼 wangzhengji2006 2008-07-26  

你把proxy:new Ext.data.MemoryProxy(data)中的“MemoryProxy”改成“PagingMemoryProxy”,需要引用PagingMemoryProxy.js文件，这个文件可以在网上找到

2 楼 stscorpion 2008-07-22  

请问:我也照样子写了一个pagingToolbar的翻页,但是数据全部都出来了呢?翻页根本不起作用?代码如下:
Ext.onReady(function(){

var data = {
    "coders":[{"id":"1","sex":"male","name":"name1","descn":"descn1"},
    {"id":"2","sex":"female","name":"name2","descn":"descn2"},
    {"id":"3","sex":"male","name":"name3","descn":"descn3"},
    {"id":"4","sex":"female","name":"name4","descn":"descn4"},
    {"id":"5","sex":"male","name":"name1","descn":"descn1"},
    {"id":"6","sex":"female","name":"name2","descn":"descn2"},
    {"id":"7","sex":"male","name":"name3","descn":"descn3"},
    {"id":"8","sex":"female","name":"name4","descn":"descn4"},
    {"id":"9","sex":"male","name":"name1","descn":"descn1"},
    {"id":"10","sex":"female","name":"name2","descn":"descn2"},
    {"id":"11","sex":"male","name":"name3","descn":"descn3"},
    {"id":"12","sex":"female","name":"name4","descn":"descn4"},
    {"id":"13","sex":"male","name":"name1","descn":"descn1"},
    {"id":"14","sex":"female","name":"name2","descn":"descn2"},
    {"id":"15","sex":"male","name":"name3","descn":"descn3"},
    {"id":"16","sex":"female","name":"name4","descn":"descn4"},
    {"id":"17","sex":"male","name":"name1","descn":"descn1"},
    {"id":"18","sex":"female","name":"name2","descn":"descn2"},
    {"id":"19","sex":"male","name":"name3","descn":"descn3"},
    {"id":"20","sex":"female","name":"name4","descn":"descn4"},
    {"id":"21","sex":"male","name":"name1","descn":"descn1"},
    {"id":"22","sex":"female","name":"name2","descn":"descn2"},
    {"id":"23","sex":"male","name":"name3","descn":"descn3"},
    {"id":"24","sex":"female","name":"name4","descn":"descn4"},
    {"id":"25","sex":"male","name":"name1","descn":"descn1"},
    {"id":"26","sex":"female","name":"name2","descn":"descn2"},
    {"id":"27","sex":"male","name":"name3","descn":"descn3"},
    {"id":"28","sex":"female","name":"name4","descn":"descn4"},
    {"id":"29","sex":"male","name":"name1","descn":"descn1"},
    {"id":"30","sex":"female","name":"name2","descn":"descn2"},
    {"id":"31","sex":"male","name":"name3","descn":"descn3"},
    {"id":"32","sex":"female","name":"name4","descn":"descn4"},
    {"id":"33","sex":"male","name":"name1","descn":"descn1"},
    {"id":"34","sex":"female","name":"name2","descn":"descn2"},
    {"id":"35","sex":"male","name":"name3","descn":"descn3"},
    {"id":"36","sex":"female","name":"name4","descn":"descn4"},
    {"id":"37","sex":"male","name":"name5","descn":"descn5"}]
};

var ds = new Ext.data.Store({
proxy:new Ext.data.MemoryProxy(data),
reader:new Ext.data.JsonReader({root: 'coders'}, [
            {name: 'id'},
            {name: 'sex'},
            {name: 'name'},
            {name: 'descn'}
        ])
});

var cm = new Ext.grid.ColumnModel([
    {header:"编号",dataIndex:"id"},
    {header:"性别",dataIndex:"sex"},
    {header:"名称",dataIndex:"name"},
    {header:"描述",dataIndex:"descn"}
]);
cm.defaultSortable = true;

var grid = new Ext.grid.GridPanel({
el:"grid",
store:ds,
    cm:cm,
    bbar:new Ext.PagingToolbar({
    pageSize:5,
        store:ds,
        displayInfo:true,
        displayMsg: "Displaying topics {0} - {1} of {2}",
        emptyMsg: "没有记录"
    })
});

ds.load({params:{start:0,limit:5}});grid.render();

});
请帮忙指正一下,谢谢

1 楼 shaqiang32 2008-07-11  

好像很强的样子